Publication Ethics

• Ethical Responsibilities of Editors and Reviewers

Articles submitted to the journal for peer-reviewed publication are sent to reviewers by the editor and/or assistant editors, taking into account the reviewers' areas of expertise.

The editor and/or assistant editors implement the journal's publication ethics and ensure that each article is evaluated impartially and within the specified time.

The editor and/or assistant editors ensure the protection of personal data in the articles under evaluation and keep the identities of authors and reviewers confidential during the blind review process.

Reviewers prepare their reasoned reports without knowing the identity of the other reviewer or that reviewer's evaluation of the article.

Reviewers evaluate the articles sent to them confidentially and impartially. This evaluation is carried out objectively and is limited solely to the content of the study.

Reviewers and editorial board members may not discuss articles submitted to the journal with other people.

Reviewers submit their evaluations of the articles sent to them to the editorial board within the specified time.

• Ethical Responsibilities of Authors

Authors undertake that the articles submitted to the journal are original and have not been previously published elsewhere or are not under review for publication.

Authors complete a Copyright Transfer Form for the articles they submit to the journal.

Authors use the sources they draw on in accordance with publication principles and cite them in their references.

In multi-authored articles, all authors must have made a direct academic and scientific contribution to the article. Persons who have not made a direct academic and scientific contribution to the article should not be listed as authors.

Authors must disclose any conflicts of interest regarding the submitted article to the editorial board and explain the reasons.

• Plagiarism and Unethical Conduct

Pursuant to Article 4 of the Interuniversity Council Directive on Scientific Research and Publication Ethics, some of the actions contrary to scientific research and publication ethics are as follows:

1- Plagiarism: Presenting the original ideas, methods, data or works of others, in part or in whole, as one's own work without citing them in accordance with scientific rules,

2- Fabrication: Using data that do not actually exist or have been falsified in scientific research,
3- Falsification: Falsifying research records or obtained data, presenting devices or materials not used in the research as if they had been used, falsifying or shaping research results in line with the interests of the persons and organizations providing support,
4- Duplicate publication: Presenting duplicate publications as separate publications in academic appointments and promotions,

5- Salami slicing: Dividing the results of a study into parts inappropriately and in a way that undermines the integrity of the research, publishing them as multiple publications, and presenting these publications as separate publications in academic appointments and promotions,
6- Unjust authorship: Including persons who have not actively contributed among the authors or not including those who have, changing the order of authors without justification and inappropriately, removing the names of those who actively contributed from the work in later editions, using one's influence to have one's name included among the authors despite not having actively contributed,

Examples of other types of ethical violations set out in the same article are as follows:
1- Failing to acknowledge the persons, institutions or organizations providing support, and their contributions, in publications resulting from supported research,

2- Using theses or studies that have not yet been presented or defended and accepted as sources without the permission of their owner,

3- Failing to respect patient rights in publications,

4- Acting contrary to the provisions of the relevant legislation in biomedical research or other clinical research involving humans,

5- Sharing information contained in a work one has been assigned to review with others before its publication without the explicit permission of the author,

6- Publishing data obtained in surveys and attitude studies conducted within the scope of a scientific study without obtaining the explicit consent of the participants or, if the research is to be conducted at an institution, without also obtaining the permission of the institution,

7- In research and experiments: harming animals and the ecological balance, failing to obtain in writing from the authorized units the permissions required before starting the studies, and carrying out studies contrary to the provisions of the legislation or of international agreements to which Türkiye is a party regarding the relevant research and experiments,

8- Failure by researchers or authorities to comply with the obligation to inform and warn those concerned about potentially harmful practices related to the scientific research conducted,
9- In scientific studies, failing to use data and information obtained from other persons and institutions to the extent and in the manner permitted, failing to respect the confidentiality of this information and failing to ensure its protection.