The PhD program in Economics is designed for full-time students. The combined program includes a Master’s component and a PhD component. Students who complete the required courses for the Master’s degree and successfully write a Master’s thesis receive an MA degree. Students who pass qualifying exams and take additional credits for the PhD degree and defend their PhD thesis successfully receive the PhD degree. (Master’s thesis is not required for those who continue the PhD program.) A variety of scholarships and limited number of assistantships are available for students. Successful students may also be offered research assistant positions at Betam.